Chapter 1: Solar Basics
IN THIS LESSON
You’ll learn how solar panels generate clean energy from sunlight and discover the factors that influence their lifespan. We’ll cover the basics of how solar technology works, what makes solar panels durable, and what to expect from their performance over time.
How Solar Panels Work
Solar panels operate through the photovoltaic effect, converting sunlight into electricity. Here's a breakdown of the process
1. Sunlight Activation
Solar panels consist of photovoltaic (PV) cells, typically made from silicon. When sunlight strikes these cells, it energizes electrons, creating an electric current.
2. Direct Current (DC) to Alternating Current (AC)
Solar panels generate energy in direct current, to make it usable inside your home we use inverters to convert it into alternating current. Alternating current is the type of electricity that we use to power our homes.
3. Energy Use and Storage
Through the process of net metering solar energy is stored through a system of credits on the electric grid. For power outages and brownouts (a partial reduction in voltage) battery backup systems are also available with their own particular incentives!
This process enables solar panels to provide a renewable and sustainable energy source for your home.
How Long Do Solar Panels Last?
Solar panels are designed for durability and long-term performance, typically warrantied for 25 years. However panels do not just spot producing after 25 years, while they degrade slightly and produce less energy they can still function for far longer. Several factors influence a panel's longevity:
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1. Quality of Materials
High-quality panels tend to last longer and maintain efficiency over time.
2. Weather Resistance
Panels are built to withstand various weather conditions, including rain, snow, hail, and wind. Solar panels are far more durable than you might expect.
3. Maintenance
Solar panels require virtually no maintenance!
4.Degradation Rate
Over time, solar panels may experience slight performance degradation, typically no more than 0.5% per year. This means that after 25 years, a panel may still operate close to 90% of its original efficiency.